Orchard Individuals | Idiot Proof Apple Preservation with Melissa Okay Norris

Welcome to the City Forestry Radio Present, right here on Actuality Radio 101. On this radio present and podcast, we study fruit timber, permaculture, aboriculture, and a lot extra. So if you happen to love timber, and particularly fruit timber, or if you happen to’re desirous about dwelling a extra sustainable life, then that is the place for you.

I am your host, Susan Poizner of the fruit tree care coaching web site, OrchardPeople. com. Thanks for tuning in. And benefit from the present.

Welcome to the City Forestry Radio Present together with your host Susan Poizner. To contact Susan Reside proper now, ship her an electronic mail in studio101@gmail.com.

And now write to your host of the City Forestry Radio Present, Susan Poizner.

Hello everybody. Harvest season is right here and there’s a lot abundance in our gardens and our native farmers markets.

Cherry season has come and gone

however the peaches proper now are so scrumptious and juicy.

And the apples? Properly, numerous growers in my area are actually having fun with a bumper crop.

So what do you do in case your timber are producing lots of apples? Within the present at the moment, we’ll speak about preserving our apple harvest with homesteader Melissa Okay. Norris of the Pioneering Right this moment podcast.

Melissa additionally teaches on-line workshops in all points of homesteading on the Pioneering Right this moment Academy.

And I’m going to speak to Melissa in only a second. However first I wish to hear from you. Have you ever had a bumper crop of apples this yr? How are you going to be preserving the harvest? Ship in your questions, your feedback, or it’s also possible to simply electronic mail us simply to say hello, and we are going to enter you into at the moment’s contest.

And the prize is a duplicate of Melissa’s e-book, All the things Price Preserving, the Full Information for Meals Preservation at 29. So, to enter at the moment’s contest, simply ship your electronic mail proper now to instudio101 at gmail. com. That is instudio101 at gmail. com. And bear in mind to incorporate your first identify and the place you might be writing from.

I look ahead to listening to from you actually quickly.

And so, Melissa, welcome to the present at the moment. Hello Susan. Thanks for having me. I’m so glad you are right here. So at the moment we’ll speak about apple harvests, the, our apple harvest. What sorts of apple timber are you rising? We now have what I prefer to name a mini orchard.

So it is certainly not very huge, however now we have Gravenstein, Honeycrisp, Gala. After which I’ve the very first fruit tree that we ever put in was a type of cocktail apple timber which have all of the like 4 completely different, you understand, varieties grafted onto one. And the unhappy factor is, is I didn’t maintain the tags. And so I am fairly positive that there is a Chehalis on there and a Gala as nicely.

Um, however I am not likely positive what the opposite two varieties are, however they’re scrumptious and it is actually prolific. So I simply roll with it. So let’s name them your two thriller apples. That is enjoyable, proper? There we go. Yeah. Precisely. Oh my gosh, these multi apple timber, they’re slightly bit the bane of my life as a result of I am like these timber and I am like, oh my gosh, how do I even prune you?

Proper? Like I do not wish to prune off these branches. So it sort of limits you, however you are proper. Like if you happen to solely have room for one tree, it is superior to have the ability to have a tree that can cross pollinate and produce numerous completely different. Lovely apples which you can get pleasure from. In order that’s fantastic.

So when it comes to your apple harvest, what are the completely different ways in which you take care of these apples?

Uh, you understand, how are the varied ways in which you, you protect them for the winter? Yeah, nicely, we do them in a a number of of various. Other ways, relying upon how we prefer to eat them and likewise the kind of apple, the variability.

So one in all my favourite methods, in fact, is to do applesauce as a result of I like to make use of applesauce after I’m in, simply to plain eat.

Actually, after I was slightly woman, my mother at all times would make biscuits after which we’d put scorching applesauce on high of the biscuits. And in order that’s like a favourite household deal with, however I exploit applesauce instead of eggs or typically instead of fats or partial fats in baking. And so I would prefer to have lots of applesauce available after which apple pie filling.

Dwelling canned apple pie filling is one in all our favorites to have through the holidays. Particularly. I really feel like I am actually busy throughout November and December. And so having that already accomplished from our apples and all I’ve to do is put together the pie crust after which put them in simply makes while you’re internet hosting Thanksgiving day, and you have a lot already to prep for the entire meal, it simply makes it a lot sooner.

And I do not learn about you, however earlier than I grew our personal apples and protect them in order that I had them on the vacation baking time, I felt just like the apple costs at all times jacked up actually excessive, like two weeks earlier than Thanksgiving and stayed there. So. Except for the apple pie filling, I do prefer to freeze dry our apple slices.

I used to dehydrate them, however I discovered my youngsters choose the feel of freeze dried apple slices versus dehydrated. After which I often do make selfmade apple cider vinegar with the scraps after I’ve accomplished all of that different preserving. After which As a lot as I can, I prefer to attempt to retailer among the apples simply as is, however now we have apple maggots right here.

And in order that does undoubtedly influence the flexibility for me to retailer the apples long run, simply because they’ve already been compromised slightly bit. So I typically will then simply do apple butter or apple jelly. If I can inform by wanting on the apples, they have been hit laborious by the apple maggots they usually’re not going to final for me in a chilly storage root cellar kind atmosphere.

Wow, okay, so you bought a complete bunch of various ways in which you are utilizing these apples, whether or not they’re homegrown or such as you say, numerous us will simply, you understand, if you happen to do not develop sufficient, you go purchase them, like, my goodness, you are completely proper. The worth that you will pay for, you understand, a pleasant apple may be loopy right here in Toronto, very excessive over the winter.

Should you’ve received them, you are good. You are golden. Now you talked about freeze drying.

After all I learn about, you understand, dehydrators and dehydrating apples.

How is freeze drying the apples completely different? So freeze dryer is admittedly, actually fascinating and it makes use of dehydrating. Nevertheless it {couples} it with freeze drying, therefore the identify.

So house items for freeze drying got here in the marketplace about 5 – 6 years in the past. Industrial freeze dryers, in fact, have been in existence for a very very long time. So. It’s important to have a freeze dryer, sadly, there isn’t any method to, to sort of hack that with out having one, however what it does is it is a chamber and so that you load your tray just like a dehydrator.

You have received your trays that go into the machine, and you then shut the door and also you flip it on, and it freezes all the way down to about detrimental 40 levels Fahrenheit so it will get very very chilly, however being that chilly, it permits all the moisture within the meals to vaporize. After which your pump comes on and kicks in, after which all the moisture that is been vaporized now, it is referred to as sublimation, truly sucks that out, the moisture out, as a result of it is in vapor kind, after which it switches over and it dehydrates.

However due to it getting so chilly that all the moisture is definitely eliminated first, After which it dehydrates, the feel could be very completely different. So it is very gentle and ethereal. And what’s fascinating is the apples or any meals that you simply freeze dry, it would not shrink up. So once we dehydrate, we’re used to seeing, you understand, grapes, clearly as raisins, they shrivel up, issues shrink.

They do not, while you freeze dry. In order that they keep their form and it is a very gentle, ethereal, crunchy. taste, whereas dehydrated is often extra chewy. Typically it is crisp proper because it comes out, however then after you’ve got sealed it up, you understand, after, you understand, a day or two, it sort of loses that crispness. It is slightly bit extra of a chewy texture, which I’ve to say I choose for cherries, however I like the freeze dried apples as a result of it retains it shelf secure for as much as 25 years, which is admittedly phenomenal.

And the vitamins worth, it retains the best stage of vitamins of any kind of meals preservation, even over dehydrating and dehydrating is already fairly, fairly excessive so far as nutrient retention. So It, um, it is the closest which you can get to a preserved type of the apple that to me mimics it because it’s contemporary as a result of it is nonetheless received that crunch half and it is nonetheless the identical form and the identical measurement.

And so these freeze dried apples, you’ll simply nibble on them, or would you ever rehydrate them and switch them into one thing else? Yeah, each, which is nice. So you possibly can eat them in, they’re simply, they’re freeze dried kind. It is simply sort of like a snack. It is like an apple chip, proper? As an alternative of like potato chip, however very crunchy and candy.

I truly, my favourite in snack kind when it is freeze dried is to take slightly little bit of like almond butter or peanut butter and simply sort of, sort of dip it in there. Glorious snack, however it’s also possible to rehydrate them and use them identical to you’d in the event that they have been contemporary. So you’re taking water and put them on there they usually often rehydrate comparatively fast, like inside 10 to fifteen minutes, fairly quick course of.

And you then would deal with them identical to you’d a contemporary apple. So you would put them in, you understand, to make a crisp or an apple pie or muffins or muffins, or, you understand, any of these varieties of issues that we’d usually bake or use an apple in. That sounds so yummy and really thrilling.

Nonetheless, freeze dryers, how a lot would we pay for one thing like that?

They’re an funding. So while you take a look at like dehydrator costs and even canning costs, these are a lot decrease. So the freeze dryer, relying on the scale of unit that you simply get, you are going to common about 3, 000. So it’s undoubtedly a funding piece of apparatus. Um, but when it is one thing that you simply use rather a lot, as a result of the freeze dryer does will let you do.

All types of meals. So greens, fruits, meats, uh, casseroles, like absolutely cooked meals, that kind of factor. So it has a larger number of what you possibly can truly create as a shelf secure meal. So relying upon how a lot you utilize it, you understand, it, it can offset the worth. And if you happen to’re utilizing it fairly continuously, lots of people discover that it pays for itself truly comparatively fast, however it’s a fairly huge upfront funding.

Superb.

And so as soon as the stuff is freeze dried to place it on the shelf, you possibly can put it in a jar or bag or one thing, depart it on the shelf and you actually do not have to fret about it. Yeah, that is the good factor. So it must be in one thing that is hermetic as a result of if the freeze dried meals is left the place it may well oxygen or moisture simply within the air, it can begin to slowly rehydrate.

So a Mason jar glass jar works nice. You possibly can put them in that you are able to do the luggage. Um, and the place you are, you understand, and you would use. , just like the vacuum sealer issues that I often use these for freeze meals, um, for a brief time period, however for the long run storage, you actually wish to be both utilizing the mylar luggage and or the mason jars.

And so why will not vacuum packed, uh, you understand, freeze dried fruit meals? Why would not that final for a very long time? Why could not that final for 25 years? It would not, um, the, the fabric of the, of the plastic, it would not appear to. Long run. Um, truly at, at shelf, like on the room, like in a freezer is slightly bit completely different atmosphere, however while you’re within the room, such as you nonetheless will get some oxygen in there, even when it is nonetheless sealed.

And so you are going to have some moisture and oxygen reintroduced long run, and it will soften it up. It is sort of like, um, placing it in like a Ziploc bag, it’s going to keep for a day or two, however you then’ll open it up like by day three, and you will discover that it is sort of getting chewy already. It isn’t that crispness.

So in fact the. Just like the vacuum saver plastic luggage. You are going to get slightly bit longer than only a few days, but it surely’s one thing that I might simply do with a meals that if I assumed we have been going to be taking it on a visit and we have been going to be utilizing it inside every week or two, it isn’t one thing that I might put it on the shelf, you understand, for months on finish in that kind of packaging.

Gotcha. Uh, we have got an electronic mail right here from Mark. Mark says, Hello Susan, in case nobody to ask for recommendations on the subject of crab apples. They’ve gone loopy this yr. So crab apples are phenomenal as a result of crab apples have pectin ranges like none different. So if you’re seeking to do any kind of jams or jellies or something like that, the place you need it to set and to thicken up, then crab apples are Glorious.

So oftentimes I’ll take crab apples and I am going to truly pair them with another fruits which have much less pure pectin in them. And I am going to use the crab apples as my outdoors pectin supply, as an alternative of shopping for pectin from the shop. So placing crab apples with blackberries, blueberries, raspberries, strawberries, even cherries, you may get an outstanding set.

And never need to have an outdoor pectin supply. Um, it’s also possible to use crab apples. Often they’re smaller than an everyday apple and often, um, not as candy in most, at the least most crab apples that I’ve had, they’ve not been as candy. So lots of instances folks will put them by way of one thing like a meals mill as a result of they’re so small, it will be fairly laborious.

To attempt to peel and core them. They’re simply not sufficiently big, however if you happen to can put them by way of one thing like a meals mill, the place it can separate out the pores and skin and the seeds, then that may very well be a wonderful factor. You would do apple butter from that. Um, you would juice, you would try to juice them, however there’s not rather a lot there simply trigger they’re so small.

Um, so more often than not folks will use them to do one thing like, like an apple butter or pair them with different fruits to only stretch it additional and make the most of the pectin supply. I like that concept. And in reality, I am stunned I have not seen, you understand, in retailers with artisan jams that you aren’t getting, you understand, crab apple and berry jam and stuff like that.

Perhaps it is in there they usually simply do not inform us. Um, but it surely’s what a beautiful thought. We have an electronic mail from Rita and Rita’s writing. Good day, Susan. I simply went to Melissa’s web site. Very spectacular. We’re listening to you from Fort Price, Texas. Nice present. Thanks, Rita.

And now we have right here, Janice has written, Good afternoon to Susan and Melissa.

Melissa, any good recipes for apple bread? Thanks, from Washington, D. C. Wow, you do not actually get apple bread an excessive amount of, do you? That is an awesome thought. That may be a nice thought. Um, I’ve Like, if I am making, I often are likely to make muffins as a result of then I haven’t got to slice the bread, it is only a fast, like, already portioned out factor, however I’ll simply take a few of my, I simply have a really time a primary muffin base, after which I am going to simply swap out the fruit.

So I am going to simply chop up apples and put it in there. You would bake them in a loaf pan if you happen to wished to, um, however that is sort of my go to. However one other factor that I love to do is definitely slice, or I ought to say cube the apples smaller, after which I’ll put these in As an alternative of like raisins and making cinnamon rolls, you are able to do apple rolls.

The secret is to chop them small in order that they’re cooked right through and never, you understand, crunchy. I, I do not like crunchy apples in a baked software after I’m anticipating them to be absolutely cooked. So measurement does matter. Um, however these are among the ways in which I, I love to do these, however actually you would sub out when you have any kind of a fast bread recipe or like a blueberry, something that already requires fruit, simply sub out and put the apples in there.

And you will be good to go. I’m a muffin individual myself. I do lots of muffins. I’ve by no means considered that. And I believe it is an awesome thought as a result of I’ve put applesauce, in fact, in my very own muffins, however I by no means actually considered an apple muffin. Um, however I like that. Such as you get the little kind of, yeah, good.

Trigger I am going to put strawberries and muffins. I put, um, rhubarb. I like my rhubarb muffins and stuff. Ooh, good thought. Okay. I will strive that one.

We have one other electronic mail right here. This one’s from James. Good day, fruit tree women. We’re fruit tree women. Um, when is one of the best time to develop and plant apple timber? I am in zone seven, a in Southern Toronto, Southern Toronto zone seven a that does not sound correct, however in any case, uh, do you wish to reply that or ought to I take that one, Melissa?

Yeah, nicely, I’m zone seven. If, if you’re zone seven. Go for it then. Um, yeah, we’re not, however, however perhaps I’ve received, perhaps there is a Southern Toronto some other place. So sure, inform us Melissa, when would you plant apple timber? Um, so ideally if you are able to do them in fall, fall is definitely a very nice time to get your apple timber in.

If you cannot do it in fall, then. Early spring, and that is going to depend upon how quickly your thaw is, how a lot snowfall you have got earlier than you possibly can truly dig, and many others. However spring can even work rather well for getting them in. Mainly, you wish to do it when the apple is in dormancy. And I choose to do it in fall if doable as a result of then it has all fall and winter to get its root system established earlier than we head into the summer season months as a result of right here we’re very It is humorous.

I stay within the Pacific Northwest. I am very near the Canadian border, however on the western Washington website, however we are going to undergo our summer season months. And proper now, Could by way of, it is nearly September on the time of recording. That is the tip of August, and we have solely had about 4 days of rain since Could and on a brand new tree that is planted in spring.

That is very annoying. So I’ve handy water for not getting about it. inch of rain every week. So I choose to do it in fall simply because it will get that root system established with our rainfall and the whole lot. I really feel higher than within the spring, however I’ve accomplished them within the spring too. So I do not know when you have any, um, to your local weather, Susan.

Yeah, I might like to if James electronic mail us again to say precisely the place you might be as a result of it says southern Toronto. Is that Ontario? I do not know. I am actually curious as a result of zone seven. Wow. Okay. Um, I like planting timber within the spring, however we have got a special local weather and now we have good moist wet springs. Um, and it provides them time for a similar motive.

I would like my tree to essentially set up itself to increase its root system out and to have that Okay, Um, after which in fact we run round and maintain them and water them and pamper them rather a lot. Um, in order that I really feel as a result of our winters are fairly harsh, it’s going to be slightly bit extra sturdy on the, within the winter.

As soon as the winter comes and it goes into dormancy and it hits photosynthesized, it is received vitamins from its leaves going into its little root system. So I really feel for me, for our local weather, I like that greatest, however I like to listen to. Um, your reasoning for yours and I can completely, uh, that is smart to me. If you do not have lots of rain and also you, you possibly can’t pamper these infants, then that does make sense to do it within the fall for positive.

After which the snow will soften finally giving it in any case, giving it a very nice begin. Properly, thanks, James, for that query. Oh, another query after which we are going to, let’s examine, who’s this from?

That is from Sean. Hello, Susan. Because of you and your employees for one more fascinating episode. I’ve a query to your visitor.

Except for freeze drying, is there a technique of preserving that will get very near the unique recipe or fruit? I do know acidifying is a standard approach for preserving. Typically this modifications the character of meals. In order that’s from Sean. Yeah, so I believe Sean, what you are asking is methods to protect it that retains it as near doable to its unique state, except for freeze drying, at the least that is how I am deciphering what you are asking.

Um, So in fact, dehydrating is similar to freeze drying, besides it will be slightly bit chewier in texture. Um, however you might be merely shifting, eradicating the moisture as a result of the moisture is definitely what will, um, have micro organism and mildew and fungi in a position to breed and it will break down and make it to the place it is un eatable.

So if you happen to take away the moisture both by freeze drying and or dehydrating, you are not altering the, the construction so far as, uh, pH stage, et cetera.

Then, you are able to do root cellaring methods, and that is going to rely upon apple selection and likewise circumstances. So that you do wish to just remember to’re utilizing an apple selection that’s identified to be an extended storing selection.

Not all apples have thick sufficient pores and skin. They’ve completely different buildings and completely different sugar content material. And so lookup. Um, types of long run storage apple varieties. You are able to do a fast Google search or no matter search engine of your alternative and discover that out. The opposite secret is if you’re making an attempt to root cellar them, and that is actually of any fruit and or vegetable.

while you harvest it, you wish to depart that stem on. So if you happen to’re in a position to choose them your self, depart the stem on, as a result of as quickly as that stem is eliminated, you are going to get oxygen is ready to get into the apple sooner. And that’s going to interrupt it down sooner. Um, the second factor is it actually must not have any bites on it.

And that is the place myself being, so now we have apple maggots right here. I am unable to often use this method very a lot as a result of the apple maggots will lay The little flies come they usually lay on the egg after which the maggot hatches out contained in the apple, after which it comes out, however subsequently it is breached the floor, so there’s oxygen in a position to get in there and to interrupt down sort of from the within out.

Pests in your space are going to matter, so it actually must be pest free as a lot as doable. After which… Utilizing root cellar methods, you do not have to have a root cellar, however what you are after is humidity and temperature management. So clearly you do not need them to freeze as a result of in the event that they freeze after which thaw, you may as nicely simply put them within the freezer.

In the event that they freeze after which thaw, they’ll break down. They will flip to mush and they’ll rot very quick. In case your humidity ranges aren’t excessive sufficient, that is while you see apples shrivel. Typically you may even see this in your fridge, crisper drawer, you may pull them out. Apples have perhaps been in there some time they usually’ll be shriveled up.

And in order that’s a humidity management concern. So it must be an space that has a excessive sufficient humidity that they do not shrill up. However the secret’s that they keep cool sufficient that they do not begin to break down. And so. Some folks have maybe an precise root cellar or a basement that meets these circumstances and are in a position to retailer them long run there.

Your crisper drawer of your fridge can, in fact, you are restricted to the quantity of house, proper, that you’ve got there, however that may additionally work. Um, but it surely’s not so simple as simply sort of placing it within the again pantry. I imply, apples will final at room temperature for some time. Nevertheless it’s not going to be a particularly long run, however Roots Vendor Strategies are literally your closest to unique and holding them there the longest.

After all you should use your freezer. Once more, that is dependent upon electrical energy, how a lot freezer house you have got, and it will make them smooth. In order that’s sort of one thing the place I look if I will be cooking them, then I do not thoughts it. If I will be making them into sauce later or one thing like that, then the freezer can work nicely, but it surely’s by no means going to be crisp after.

the place it is frozen after which thawed is at all times smooth and mushy. So there is usually a texture there relying upon how you intend on utilizing it.

After which you possibly can can it. So if you find yourself canning, apples are already naturally acidic. So apples can safely be canned with out acidifying them the place different meals require extra acidity to ensure that botulism to not develop.

So as a result of your apples are already pure acidic, you are not. Generally, including any further acidity. In order that they’re simply in a cooked texture. It is a cooked format. You are not truly altering the pH of the apples while you’re canning them. You are merely simply cooking them after which they’re staying in that cooked state with the oxygen eliminated as a part of the canning course of they usually’re shelf secure.

So if you happen to’re comfy cooking an apple and consuming it, then canning it’s the very same factor so far as your, your dietary worth, um, et cetera, as any kind of cooked apple product could be. Superior. So James despatched me again an electronic mail with a Toronto zone map, so I will have an excellent take a look at that.

Thanks, James. I would like to take a look at that. So it says right here, if you happen to draw a horizontal line from east to west, we’d be even with Melissa’s location. She’s a Zone 7 and we’re on the lake. At zone seven, eight. Thanks. Ah, the lake. That is going to be the warming impact. Superior. Thanks, James, for sharing that with me.

Um, okay. Yeah, I wish to speak about canning. Um, and I’ve talked about to you, Melissa, earlier than, I am petrified of canning, canning. I am simply, I am afraid I will kill folks. And I simply do not have the arrogance. You possibly can’t kill folks by making them a muffin. Prefer it may style unhealthy. That is the worst you are going to do.

Proper. So I wish to speak about canning. However first I wish to simply Let’s take a look at a few feedback from Fb. We’ll take heed to our little industrial break after which we’re going to dig into canning. However there have been some fascinating feedback on Fb.

Um, Louise from West Georgia writes, my mom dried apples within the solar.

They flip a darkish shade in contrast to dehydrated apples. Additionally they had a extra intense taste. Mama used them to make fried pies and dried apple muffins. Very cool. Have you ever ever had, um, apples dried within the solar? I’ve not had apples dried within the solar. And a part of that’s my northern western, um, environment. We usually, by the point my apples are on, like at the moment, I even have rain and we’re barely above 62 levels Fahrenheit.

I haven’t got sufficient daylight lengthy sufficient for our later ripening types of apples to be able to do this. So I’ve to make use of a dehydrator. However my grandparents got here from North Carolina. And so they did all of their drying, both by the wooden range pipe or outside. And so my grandmother would have used that very same methodology, however I’ve heard of, um, the apple stack muffins.

I’ve not made one. It’s on my objective record to strive that and fried apple pies. Oh gosh. These are scrumptious. Sure. Sounds nice. Cannot go mistaken. A pair extra feedback.

We have Pat from Ohio. Hello, Susan. We make canned, we’re speaking about bumper crops. We make canned pie filling, dried chips and fruit leather-based, apple butter each third yr, cider on the agenda this yr as there’s a bumper crop of fruit right here in northeast Ohio.

Some additionally goes to native non income to disperse in the neighborhood. I like that. Pop, that is superb. After which, uh, Pop continues, similar with different fruits and veggies, blackberry raspberry leather-based within the oven proper now for the grandkids. Ah, so good. After which we have got a message right here from Tim. Tim says, we had, now we have had a bumper crop of the whole lot this yr.

So what did they do? How do they share? Uh, Tim says, choose your personal, invite neighbors and mates over, roadside stand. To the soup kitchen, dry, contemporary, juice, et cetera. Nonetheless, I am unable to sustain and far is hitting the bottom and I hate to see moderately good fruit on the bottom. Hopefully it is serving to the soil and probably wildlife.

So yeah, then lastly we have got,

Eric says, I make some applesauce. I dry some, I eat and bake some contemporary and the overwhelming majority goes into laborious cider and peri. So, um, Melissa, we’re gonna speak about canning after the break. I additionally wish to speak about your apple, your apple pie filling. Let’s speak about that too, since you’ll be canning that as nicely, I assume.

So let’s do this in only a minute. However first, are you okay staying on the road? We’ll pay attention to a couple phrases from our sponsors. Yeah. Sounds nice. Okay. Tremendous. So you might be listening to the City Forestry radio present and podcast dropped at you by the Fruit Tree Care coaching web site, orchardpeople. com. That is Actuality Radio 101 and I am Susan Poizner, writer of the Fruit Tree Care books, Rising City Orchards and Develop Fruit Timber Quick.

And we’ll be again proper after the break.

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Welcome again to the city forestry radio present together with your host Susan Poizner Proper right here on Actuality Radio 101. Ship Susan an electronic mail proper now. Our electronic mail deal with is instudio101 at gmail. com

And now, proper again to your host of the City Forestry Radio Present, Susan Poizner. You might be listening to the City Forestry radio present and podcast dropped at you by the fruit tree care coaching web site orchardpeople. com That is actuality radio 101 and I am your host Susan Poizner. Within the present at the moment now we have been speaking about the right way to protect a bumper crop of apples and my visitor on the present at the moment is homesteader Melissa Kay Norris.

of the Pioneering Right this moment podcast. Melissa additionally has an incredible web site and he or she teaches on-line programs in all points of homesteading.

Now, within the first a part of the present, we talked about varied other ways which you can course of and protect your apples. We talked a bit about dehydrating. storing in a root cellar, even freeze drying your harvest.

However what about canning apples? We’ll speak about that in only a minute. However first, I might love to listen to from you. Have you ever had a bumper crop of apples this yr? If that’s the case, what are you doing with all of your produce? Do you share it with family and friends? or do you protect it in another approach? Ship us an electronic mail proper now through the stay present and we are going to enter you into at the moment’s contest and you’ll win a duplicate of Melissa Okay.

Norris’s e-book. It is referred to as All the things Price Preserving, The Full Information to Meals. Preservation at house, and it is valued at 29. So to enter the competition, all it’s important to do is ship us an electronic mail to instudio101atgmail. com. That is instudio101atgmail. com. And do be sure you embody your first identify and the place you are writing from.

So now again to Melissa. Okay, Melissa, let’s speak about canning. How can I can apples with out killing my family and friends? Okay, the excellent news is apples is a good crop to start studying the right way to can on as a result of it is already naturally acidic. So why can we care about acidity on the subject of canning? So individuals are afraid of canning due to botulism.

So most individuals I believe have heard the phrase botulism or considerably acquainted of it, particularly inside context of canning. So botulism is a type of meals poisoning and it’s truly a neurotoxin that may be deadly Get botulism. In order that’s why there’s concern and fairly so By ensuring that you simply’re canning correctly in order that you aren’t getting it as a result of it isn’t like salmonella or E.

coli the place you understand You are gonna have an upset abdomen and throw up that kind of a factor There truly is neurological results and it may be deadly if you aren’t getting the antidote in time When you begin to exhibit signs, in order that being stated now we have to grasp how does botulism truly develop. So botulism will develop in a non cardio, so with out oxygen, which is what a sealed canning jar is, is a non cardio atmosphere.

Nonetheless, botulism can’t develop in an acidic atmosphere, particularly 4. 6 on the pH scale or decrease, decrease the quantity, the extra acidic it’s. So That implies that we are able to safely water tub and or steam can acidic fruits and or pickled greens due to the pickling side we’re creating an acidic atmosphere of 4.

6 or decrease on the pH scale. So apples are naturally acidic. So subsequently, we are able to safely can these and we’re not nervous about botulism growing due to their acidic atmosphere. Now. different meals that aren’t naturally acidic, like inexperienced beans, for instance, except you are pickling these inexperienced beans, however simply doing inexperienced beans, um, you understand, meats, something like that.

We now have to stress can these as a result of we want them to succeed in an inner temperature that’s greater than you possibly can attain with boiling water. Boiling water is 212 levels Fahrenheit. Should you boil water for 3 hours or 20 minutes, it would not get above 212 levels Fahrenheit. So subsequently, to be able to kill botulism spores and non acidic environments, we stress can, as a result of it is the one approach that we are able to attain these excessive sufficient temperatures, 248 levels Fahrenheit.

With, um, that might kill botulism spores in the event that they have been current as a result of we do not have the acidity to forestall it from growing. In order that’s sort of the sciency, like nitty gritty half. And that is why fruit, particularly apples are an awesome place to start out as a result of they’re already acidic and we do not have to fret about botulism.

So if I am gonna can, in order that’s superb, so I am, you are telling me, Susan, you are not gonna kill your family and friends if you happen to can apples, so I might do one thing like slice apples, cook dinner them up in water, pop them in my water tub, which you may speak about in a minute, with out sugar, with out salt, with none components, I am not gonna kill anyone.

I do not know if it’s going to style good, however is, is that it? It is like each single fruit may have sufficient acid that will probably be secure Oh, no. Okay. Not each single fruit. So I am glad you requested that it as a result of bananas, for instance, aren’t 4. 6 pH. Um, Asian pears aren’t 4. 6 pH. They’re greater on the pH scale, which suggests they don’t seem to be as acidic.

So there’s some caveats there on the fruit. Um, For instance, white peaches. Now, common peaches, you are good to go. White peaches and Asian pears need to have some extra added acid. It is often lemon juice or it may very well be citric acid that’s added to them to lift their pH to that of a 4. 6. So you possibly can nonetheless safely can these, however you do need to have slightly little bit of added measure.

Now, bananas, one, you’ve got received bananas are very mushy. So now we have a density issue in addition to them not being. acidic sufficient to be secure to can. So I consider there’s like one examined recipe from Ball that makes use of a small quantity of bananas with strawberries, and that could be a secure examined canning recipe. However if you happen to’ve ever been on Pinterest or Fb and noticed somebody exhibiting monkey butter, which is principally pureed bananas, after which saying it is secure to can, I might not observe that individual for canning recommendation as a result of that is not true due to the banana’s acidity.

So most fruits And berries are acidic sufficient and secure to rely, however there are a couple of exceptions. Gotcha. Okay. And so what it sounds prefer to me is we received to make use of recipes. I am unable to go and be inventive, proper?

So I, the place would I discover secure canning recipes that might be high-quality to make use of so long as I observe the directions?

Yeah, that could be a nice query. Properly, one, I’ve to say, is my e-book the whole lot price preserving? However except for that, if you’re now within the States, if you’re extension places of work, then these recipes are examined and secure. Um, if you’re college web sites, they usually will present secure and examined recipes as nicely.

Then you’ve got the Nationwide Heart of Dwelling Meals Preservation web site. That, once more, is examined recipes. You’ve got my web site, lisskeynorse. com, has fairly a couple of secure examined recipes. Um, you then even have Ball. Um, which I consider Canadian is, I will mispronounce it, Bernadine, I consider it is the way you say.

I believe so. Yeah. The Canadian model of that. So these, these web sites are secure and examined. After which if you happen to’re fruits, particularly, um, jams, jellies, et cetera, truly pulmonous pectin is a Canadian firm. And so they have examined recipes and it is utilizing their pectin, which I’ve to say, um, I am not sponsored by them, however their pectin, if I am not utilizing my crab apple or my apples as a pectin supply, as a result of inexperienced apples slightly below ripe have greater ranges of pectin.

And so I’ll usually even simply use a inexperienced apple as a pectin supply, however an outdoor pectin supply. I exploit prominence pectin as a result of it is one of many few pectins that really makes use of calcium water and pure sources of pectin. That doesn’t require. Sugar in any respect to be able to get it to set if you happen to’re utilizing manufacturers like positive gel, um, and a few of these different manufacturers of pectin that you will discover identical to on the grocery retailer, most of these use very excessive quantities of sugar.

Typically it is the identical quantity of sugar as it’s fruit or greater to be able to get the set or the gel so that you’ve got a jam that is spreadable and it isn’t liquid. Um, so I. solely use pomonus pectin. Nonetheless, their web site has a large amount of all various kinds of fruit canning recipes which can be examined, um, and I’ve at all times had glorious success with them.

So that’s one other supply, particularly for fruit that I might use. Are you able to simply spell the identify of that, uh, the corporate, Pomonus? Sure. It P as in Paul, O M as in Mary, O N as in Nancy, A, pomona, after which S, plural. Oh, okay, nice. Pomona. Thanks. We’ll put the hyperlink to that within the present notes. Why not? We have a, a message right here from Jessica.

Jessica writes, nice info. I am having fun with all of the preservation data being shared in at the moment’s present. If Melissa has recommendations on the right way to make apple leather-based within the oven, I haven’t got a dehydrator. That might be fantastic. And that is from Jess. Yeah. So simply principally to make any kind of fruit leather-based, however particularly apple leather-based is now we have to get it right into a pureed format.

And so as a result of apples are denser, that is going to be principally prepping it such as you would for applesauce. So it. Um, now if you wish to depart the peels on you possibly can, that is sort of a, a textural concern. Some folks select to go away the peels on once they’re doing apple leather-based and a few do not. So as much as you, however you are going to want your seeds and your cores eliminated.

After which you are going to be cooking it simply sufficient in order that it is smooth which you can puree it up. After which you are going to unfold it on some kind of tray. So when you have rimmed cookie sheets, uh, you are able to do it on that. As a result of it’s a little bit sticky and we’ll be drying it. Should you line it with parchment paper, that can assist you get it off the trays simpler.

Um, if you happen to even have, for many who do have a dehydrator, in addition they have like silicone mats. I often at all times use these at any time when I am doing apple leather-based, uh, as a result of it can sort of drip by way of the tray. You are solely getting it so thick and sauce kind after which. Should you’re utilizing your oven, it’s important to just remember to can get your oven to come back all the way down to a low sufficient temperature.

Some ovens have controls, they will solely go so low, and many others. However ideally, you are making an attempt to get the temperature round 135 levels Fahrenheit. 125 to 135 levels Fahrenheit is good. So nevertheless low you may get your oven. After which you have got air movement, so you may prop that oven door open. So, Once more, so long as it is low, that is nonetheless fairly heat.

So simply use regular security precautions. Not when you have got little youngsters or, you understand, or pets that would, you understand, get in there, simply, you understand, be sure it is secure, however you are going to prop that open. After which you are going to let that go. And it will slowly evaporate the moisture out. After which as soon as it has reached the shape the place you are proud of it, that it is like leathery, as a result of now we have to have a lot of the moisture eliminated in order that it would not begin to mildew, however you do not need your fruit leather-based to grow to be.

brittle to the purpose the place it isn’t leathery. So it is sort of that sort of a high-quality line. So take a look at it usually. And if you’re within the oven, you may in all probability need to rotate your trays as a result of the again half goes to get drier, hotter, sooner. Now for making apple leather-based, and that is actually true of any fruit leather-based, it’s also possible to resolve if you’re going to add slightly little bit of sugar.

Relying on the sweetness of your apples spices. I like to put Ceylon cinnamon in there as a result of it is sweeter. Um, you possibly can put slightly little bit of nutmeg in there, perform a little little bit of ginger. You would do cardamom. I imply, actually no matter spices you wish to do. Some folks would do cloves. I are likely to detest the flavour of cloves, so you’ll not discover that in mine, however you are able to do spiced, you are able to do, you understand, nevertheless you wish to do typically folks.

Now, if you happen to resolve to place one thing in, there’s one other sweetener possibility like, um, honey or maple syrup or one thing like that. Simply know you are including extra liquid in although it is a sweetener. So it could improve the drying time to be able to get that to, to be dry since you’re placing extra moisture in.

Um, but it surely’s principally simply getting that dehydrated sufficient the place it is nonetheless pliable and leathery. However you do not have a lot moisture in there that it will mildew. And in order that’s going to differ on the size of dehydrating time onto how thick you’ve got poured it into your trays, in addition to how a lot moisture is within the apple, how a lot moisture is within the air, and many others.

So you’re going to wish to take a look at it, you understand, begin testing it as a result of it is easy to go previous the purpose into brittle. Um, after which it isn’t very leathery and it is, you understand, it is simply not, it isn’t fruit leather-based at that time. It is nonetheless usable, but it surely’s sort of crunchy and bizarre.

In one in all my not very profitable experiments doing you with a dehydrator and I inform you that is my the story of my life Experimenting and when it would not work, but it surely takes without end to dehydrate even in these dehydrators I bear in mind I am unable to bear in mind what we have been dehydrating however we’re like, okay, it is two days already , that is ridiculous So, is that as a result of I had a nasty dehydrator that was low-cost from, you understand, Finest Purchase or one thing?

Or is it as a result of I did one thing mistaken? Or does dehydrating simply take without end? Dehydrating simply takes a very long time since you’re actually, I imply, like most fruit settings, you are going to be one at about 125 to 135 levels Fahrenheit, as a result of if you happen to get it too scorching, you possibly can burn the sugars, proper? So there’s sort of that, that high-quality line.

You do not wish to get it so scorching that you’ll burn sugars. And we prefer to maintain it decrease as a result of. For dehydrating, you are holding it as near the uncooked temperature, uncooked format for dietary worth as doable, however you are solely going to get one thing to dry out so quick at that low of a temperature.

I imply, it could be like if it was sitting at, you understand, simply in a scorching day within the kitchen, it isn’t going to evaporate and get dry very quick. So simply have that expectation that it will take anyplace from 48 to 72 hours, particularly for speaking pureed fruit, as a result of it is already fairly. heavy and excessive in moisture content material.

Now for dehydrating issues like, um, herbs, you understand, these may be accomplished as a result of they are much thinner. They do not have as a lot moisture content material. , these may be accomplished in like 12 to fifteen hours, simply sort of relies upon. So not essentially doing something mistaken, simply having the right expectation of how lengthy it takes.

However the great point is, is I imply, you are placing it within the dehydrator and you then’re basically not touching it aside from checking it occasionally. It isn’t prefer it’s palms on time and it would not use that a lot electrical energy both. So it is simply one thing that you simply’re setting and doing and you then’ve received this beautiful merchandise that can, you understand, final yr and take you all through the winter.

So simply have the right expectation on the timeframe there. Okay, that makes lots of sense. So now let’s return to, we have been speaking about canning, um, like apples. So as an instance, you understand, you talked about that you’d can applesauce. You’d make your applesauce and also you’d can it. And naturally we would be utilizing recipes from one of many sources that you simply speak about.

Discuss your apple pie filling. Like what, what’s, the place did you get that recipe and um, what does which have in it? Yeah. So apple pie filling is one in all my favourite issues to can. And so far as the recipe for it, while you’re canning apple pie filling, um, when that precise that the canning apple pie filling recipe with the canning directions, the whole lot is at no cost on my web site.

So if you happen to go to melissaknorris.com/. And simply kind that within the search bar, you may, you may discover that. Um, however on the subject of canning apple pie or any kind of fruit filling, on the subject of canning, there’s a few issues that it is advisable to know. One is that if you’re going to be utilizing a thickener, In order that it isn’t syrupy, then the one accepted thickener for the reason that late Nineties is a product referred to as a transparent gel.

And so what it’s, is a modified corn starch that does not have thick spots, but additionally stands as much as the warmth of canning and would not break down on the shelf after a couple of months. So. If in case you have been canning or perhaps learn canning books or bear in mind your mother canning or perhaps your grandma previous to the late Nineties, once they did some extra testing, you’d see canning recipes for pie filling particularly that might use both flour and, or cornstarch, identical to you’d, if you happen to’re making pie filling while you’re making a contemporary pie to thicken these up.

However what they discovered is over time, they break down. So I, again within the day would can apple. Thai filling utilizing flour and or cornstarch. And like a month after I canned it, superb, good and thick, lovely. About two to 3 months down the highway, I might go to open a jar and it was like this weepy, half liquidy, soggy, bleh.

Mess. And that is simply because it may well’t, it simply would not arise that lengthy. The opposite concern, it is truly extra of a security concern than it’s textural concern. And that’s flour and cornstarch can produce uneven density spots or clumps contained in the jar. And when you have one thing that is too dense, the warmth cannot penetrate right through that density to the middle of it to kill any kind of micro organism.

Now. Inside apple pie filling, in fact, we, it is already acidic, so we’re not nervous about botulism, however there are different micro organism and molds and fungus that may be in there that the warmth helps to kill. And that is a part of the rationale that we do put it in a water tub and or a steam keener to completely steam canner, excuse me, to completely course of it so.

If you do not have clear gel, as a result of it isn’t one thing except you are canning that you simply doubtless have in your shelf, you possibly can can apple pie filling or different fruit pie fillings, and also you merely omit that. So it will be liquidy. Nonetheless, on the time of utilizing it, you may simply create like a cornstarch slurry and warmth it up.

With that cornstarch slurry to thicken it and you then’ll go forward and put it in your ready pie plate or nevertheless you’d use your pie filling. So it is only a completely different step on the tip use half. So you are able to do it each methods. Um, and so if you do not have it, you possibly can nonetheless rely it. Simply admit that clear gel side after which know you may use your cornstarch slurry and you will be thickening it on the tip half proper earlier than serving.

Glorious. Okay. That is cool. That makes lots of sense.

Um, when it comes to canning, you talked about there’s the water tub canning, and you then talked about that there’s the, uh, electrical stress canner. Um, if there’s anyone for, Oh no, not electrical stress canner. No. Oh, so you do not wish to use an electrical stress cooker, um, for stress canning.

Now there are some. Electrical water tub canners, uh, Contemporary Tech, I consider is the model identify, and that’s secure to make use of for acidic water tub canning recipes solely, however for precise stress canning, there are a couple of, uh, one electrical stress canner that got here in the marketplace a few yr, perhaps two years in the past, nevertheless, it has not handed any kind of third social gathering testing, so I do not personally suggest that, um, Till I’ve seen it endure some third social gathering testing, there was some items about 10 years in the past that got here out for electrical stress canning and upon third social gathering testing, all of them failed.

So till I see third social gathering testing beings, I do know there’s been failed items previously. Um, I do not personally suggest that. Nonetheless, for water tub, there’s an electrical, it is referred to as a contemporary tech. I consider it is, I believe it is produced by ball. Um, That’s secure for water tub canning recipes. Aha. And so would you suggest that for a newbie or would you say newbie?

Simply do strive with an precise huge pot full of water, um, based on the directions in your e-book. What would you recommend? I am a frugal gal by nature, to be trustworthy. And so if you’re simply eager to get began with canning, I might simply use a big pot with water as a result of most of us have a big pot and have water and I might simply go that route.

Now, if you happen to begin to get into it or you have got, you understand, points, perhaps bodily it is laborious so that you can raise up a big pot. I do know I’ve some individuals who begin to have bodily limitations for no matter motive, then buying that electrical water tub canner may be high-quality. You might be restricted to measurement although, so it solely will match so many jars, in fact.

Um, so you’ve got received that limitation, whereas often you may get extra jars right into a water tub canner than you possibly can match into the electrical one. So if you happen to’re model new beginning out, I might perform a little bit first, simply utilizing a big pot and utilizing that as your water tub canner to just remember to truly benefit from the meals, that you simply benefit from the canning course of.

After which if you happen to’re like, okay, I am in like. Bought, sister. And also you wish to go the electrical route. Then I might say go for it, however I might simply do some testing first and taking part in round earlier than committing to it as a result of you possibly can safely do it with simply a big pot of water, which is one thing most of us simply have already within the kitchen available.

Superior. Superior. Properly, whoever wins our contest at the moment. Goes to get a duplicate of your e-book they usually’re going to have the ability to Strive it themselves and they’ll write me and inform me how it’s. I wish to know the way it goes for them So it is nearly time for the competition at the moment and we are going to discover out who the winner is in only a second However first I might simply like to say howdy to these fantastic listeners that wrote me this month.

Thanks guys Good day to listeners Joe, Daybreak, Hank, Erica, and Eric, and thanks a lot for the optimistic suggestions about final month’s episode. That was fantastic. And I additionally actually wish to thanks guys who’ve taken the time to price and assessment this present. That is actually, very nice if you are able to do this. Um, folks go on Apple Podcasts they usually give the present a ranking and a assessment and it simply helps folks to learn about this present.

So thanks to Gardner and. Chief, who wrote in to say about our present, glorious company, good questions requested, thanks a lot, and likewise to Jenny Hope, who says that our present is one in all my absolute favourite gardening podcasts, one I hope extra folks would discover. That’s so beautiful. Thanks guys. I so respect it.

So now the time has come to search out out who received at the moment’s prize. Gary within the studio. Are you able to assist us with this? I can. Susan, I simply wish to let you understand the studio viewers is on their toes. They’re very excited. Right here. I believe they’re nervous. Scary. I believe they’re. I imply, I see folks with their palms claps they usually’re, we do not know what is going on on, however here is, what is going on to occur.

Okay. I’ve all these names in a bucket. I will shake that bucket. It is possible for you to to listen to that. And also you inform me when to cease and I am going to pull out a bit of paper and that might be our winner. Okay. You prepared? Okay. Right here we go.

Maintain on right here. Let me simply see what we received right here. We’ll pull out a bit of paper. And the winner is

Mark H. Yay! Mark H is the, we do not know the place Mark’s from, however uh, the gang goes loopy right here. They’re leaping over one another, Susan. That is superb. Oh my gosh. That is nice. That is, they get so excited. This studio viewers. I am telling you, Melissa, they do that each single month. They’re actually excited.

Like how superior that folks help one another like that. Proper? I like it. Yeah. Yeah, nicely I am positive Mark is gonna like it too. So Mark, I am gonna ship you an electronic mail. We’re gonna get your deal with and Melissa will ship you immediately your lovely e-book. And Mark, you possibly can write me and inform me what recipes you are doing from the e-book.

How does that sound? I can hear Mark saying, positive, Susan. That is high-quality. . So, uh, thanks a lot Gary for that. In order that’s it. I am unable to consider it. This was just like the quickest present ever. Um, it is gone in a short time, however for the listeners,

if you wish to be taught extra about at the moment’s subject, uh, or normally about fruit tree care, here is some issues you are able to do, to start with, go over to orchardpeople.

com’s YouTube channel. And within the subsequent couple of days, I will put this podcast up with some photos that Melissa has shared with me of the apple pie filling of the. canning and stuff like that. So I will edit these collectively so you possibly can have a visible of this present. You can too subscribe. So each time I put up a brand new video, you may be notified of the brand new video about fruit tree care or one thing like this, something round fruit timber.

In order that’s the very first thing. The second factor you are able to do is go to Apple podcasts or your native podcatcher and subscribe to the city forestry radio present podcast. And you’ll then be notified when there’s a new episode. That is more and more essential as a result of the key between us and also you guys on the market, we’re going to be altering our identify quickly.

So you do not wish to get misplaced. Should you’re not subscribed, it’s possible you’ll not have the ability to discover us. And admittedly, we do not fairly know what our new identify goes to be but. So I might subscribe as a result of I do not know what the identify goes to be. We’re all going to Determine that out one way or the other. I believe we must always have a contest.

I believe we must always. That is an awesome thought. If in case you have an thought for a reputation for this present, okay, one thing slightly bit extra fruity, orchardy, ship us an electronic mail to information at orchardpeople. com and Gary and I’ll assume up an excellent prize for you. What do you assume? Perhaps Melissa will even assist and donate a e-book or one thing.

So let’s, let’s determine that. So when you have an thought for the brand new present identify, Ship us, ship us your thought and that may be the brand new present identify. Lastly, if you wish to know extra about fruit timber, go to orchardpeople. com slash signal sprint up, or simply go to orchardpeople. com and click on on the enroll button and I am going to ship you notices about upcoming podcasts and articles and programs and webinars all about fruit tree care.

In order that’s it guys. I wish to thanks a lot, Melissa, for approaching the present at the moment. That was tremendous enjoyable. And if certainly I do efficiently can apples, you may be my apple canning mama and, and you may be the one. I actually now really feel a private vested curiosity, Susan. I received to get you canning woman. Oh my gosh.

Okay. We’ll work on that. We’ll work on that. Nonetheless some fears, however I am working my approach by way of, so it is okay. Properly, thanks a lot for coming at the moment. In order that’s it. That was homesteading and canning skilled, Melissa Okay. Norris of the Pioneering Right this moment podcast and Academy. Take a look at her web site, try the present notes, we’ll have some hyperlinks for you.

And that is all for the present at the moment. I hope you guys will be a part of me once more subsequent month when we’ll dig into one other nice subject. So I am going to see you guys then. Take care and bye for now.